Using PCBUG11 With Technological Arts Products

Using PCBUG11 With the Technological Arts Products

Motorola’s PCBUG11 is a flexible, powerful, and easy-to-use program that runs on a PC. It allows you to examine and modify on-chip memory (RAM, EEPROM, and EPROM), load HC11 code, debug, trace, erase EEPROM, disassemble blocks of code, assemble line-by-line, and even includes a basic terminal program. What’s more, it works with all varieties of HC11 micros, and is fully compatible with all Technological Arts 68HC11 Products. It is a self-extracting archive, so just copy it to the directory on your harddrive where you want it to reside, and type pcbug342 at the DOS prompt to extract all the files.

Running PCBUG11

Always RESET your module in BOOT mode before starting PCBUG11. Also, make sure there are no background tasks running on you PC, such as faxmodem drivers, networks, etc. PCBUG11 needs to access the serial port chip directly. If you have problems, start PCBUG11 directly from DOS (not a DOS shell).

If the microcontroller in your board is a 68HC811E2, or any A-series chip, type the following command at the DOS prompt (after RESET in BOOT mode):
pcbug11 -a port=2
(if you’re using COM1, omit the port=2 parameter).

If your microcontroller is a 68HC11E0, ‘E1, or ‘E9, enter the following command instead:
pcbug11 -e port=2
(if you’re using COM1, omit the port=2 parameter).

If your microcontroller is a 68HC11D0 (ie. MicroStamp11), enter the following command instead:
pcbug11 -d port=2
(if you’re using COM1, omit the port=2 parameter).

If your board has a 9.8304 MHz crystal (eg. Turbo version of MicroStamp11, MicroCore-11, or Adapt11C24DX), you'll need to add a parmeter to use 9600 baud. For example, for a Turbo MicroStamp11 connected to COM2 on your PC, you would enter:
pcbug11 -d port=2 baud=9600

Once PCBug11 has successfully connected to your board, you'll see the command prompt. If you get communication or read/write errors, hit ESC a few times until the command prompt appears. Then reset your board and type RESTART. If you still have no success, type CONTROL TIMEOUT 10000, then reset your board and type RESTART again.

PCBug11 Session Notes:

If you prefer to use hexadecimal numbers in your PCBUG11 session (instead of the default decimal notation), enter the following command at the PCBUG11 prompt:
control base hex
To switch the SCI's RX and TX pins to CMOS modes (for reliable serial communications), enter
ms 1028 05

Loading an S-record File into ‘811E2 EEPROM

First tell PCBUG11 the range of addresses that contain EEPROM, as follows:
eeprom f800 ffff
Then make sure the Block Protect Register is cleared:
ms 1035 00
To do a bulk erase of the entire EEPROM block before programming it:
eeprom erase bulk f800
Then you can disable Erase-before-Write to prevent PCBUG11 from erasing each byte before writing the new value:
eeprom erase disable
(disabling byte erase will make downloading faster).
Now you’re ready to load your s-record file. Suppose you have generated a file called myprog.s19, use the following command to load it into EEPROM:
loads myprog
If it is in a different directory, (eg. c:\myfiles) you should specify the directory path. For example:
loads \myfiles\myprog
To verify that your file myprog.s19 was actually written to EEPROM, use the Verify command:
verf myprog

Accessing External Memory

You can access external memory in any expanded mode system (eg. MicroCore-11, MicroStamp11, Adapt11C24DX, or Adapt11 with MX1 Memory Expansion Card) by placing the HC11 in Special Test Mode. (Note: remember that a system always has to be in BOOT mode to run PCBUG11; the mode can then be changed by modifying the HPRIO register). To access external memory, modify the HPRIO register:
ms 103c e5
To change the value stored in a RAM or register location (eg. clear location $2000), simply use the Memory Set command, as follows:
ms 2000 00
To modify an internal EEPROM location, make sure you have first specified the address range of EEPROM, and that you have cleared the Block Protect Register (see Loading an S-record File, above).
You can view locations, and modify them as you require, by using the Memory Modify command, as follows:
mm 2000
In this example, PCBUG11 will display the current value of location 2000. If you wish to change it, type the new value, and press ENTER. If not, just press ENTER. The next memory location will be displayed. While in this Memory Modify Mode, you can decrement addresses using the up error key or increment addresses using the down error key. To end the Memory Modify Mode, press ESC on your keyboard.

Programming External EEPROM

To use the MX1E Memory Expansion Card (eg. Adapt11 64K Starter Package) with PCBUG11, slide switch SW1 on the MX1E card to WRITE, and then use Memory Modify or Memory Set, as above. To load your .s19 file into EEPROM, we recommend you exit from PCBUg11 and use the Windows MicroLoad utility. However, it is also possible to use LOADS to load an s-record file into external EEPROM, although it is fairly slow. To do this, specify the EEPROM address range:
eeprom e000 ffff
Then enter:
eeprom erase disable
to disable the Erase-before-write function. Now use LOADS, as described above. In any case, to prevent unwanted modification of EEPROM locations, slide the switch back to PROT when you are finished (and before resetting or cycling power). To run the program you have loaded, switch SW3 away from the SCM position (ie. put it in Expanded Memory mode), switch SW2 to RUN, and press RESET.

Using DOS from within PCBug11

If you need to find a file, you can suspend PCBUG11 temporarily and go to DOS by typing:
dos
When you have finished using DOS, type exit to return to PCBUG11.

Programming the CONFIG Register

The CONFIG register ($103f), allows the user to enable and disable such things as the EEPROM, ROM (or EPROM), and COP (watchdog timer). In the ‘811E2, it also specifies to which 4K boundary the internal 2K EEPROM will be mapped in expanded mode. The CONFIG register is implemented as an EEPROM cell, so you need to specify this in PCBUG11 before you can modify it. Enter the following command:
eeprom 103f
If PCBUG11 returns a message saying Erase-before-write disabled, enter the following command to enable automatic erase:
eeprom erase enable
Make sure the appropriate bits in the Block Protect Register are cleared (ie. PTCON):
ms 1035 00 enables writing of EEPROM and the CONFIG register
Now you can use Memory Modify or Memory Set to change the CONFIG register contents. There is one caveat, however. The new value of the CONFIG register will not take effect until following a RESET of the ‘HC11. Therefore, PCBUG11 will return a BAD MEMORY error when you try to modify the location. This is because the Memory Set and Memory Modify commands automatically attempt to verify the change they just made. In the case of the CONFIG register, reading location $103f returns the contents of a register which reflects the value of the CONFIG register at the time of RESET. It is a read-only register. The actual EEPROM cell implementing the CONFIG register, is a Write-only location, from the user’s point of view. Also note: if you write a new 4K mapping address in the CONFIG register of an ‘811E2, you will not be able to read it with PCBUG11. This is because PCBUG11 must always start up in BOOT mode, which is a single-chip mode. The ‘811E2 forces the upper 4 bits of the CONFIG register to ones during reset in any single-chip mode. It also forces EEON to one, to ensure that the 2K EEPROM is located in the HC11’s vector space, and is enabled. This fact makes it impossible to access locations in the upper 2K of external memory in BOOT mode on a system using an ‘811E2.

Using PCBUG11’s Terminal Window

PCBUG11 includes a basic communications terminal function which is useful for testing and debugging your software. To use it, set up the necessary communications parameters such as baud rate, parity, etc. by entering:
control
A list of parameters is displayed. Use the Page Down and Page Up keys to move to the parameter that needs changing. Use the Up and Down arrow keys to make the changes, or enter new values via the keyboard. When you’re done, press the ESC key to return to the PCBUG11 prompt. Now enter:
term
to open the terminal window. If you have the Demo program loaded in your board, you can use the terminal window to interact with it. First, make sure you have set up the baud rate, etc., as required for the demo program. Then, switch your board to RUN, and press RESET. Pressing ENTER will cause the menu of the demo program to be displayed. Select the menu commands, as you desire. When you have finished using the demo program, you can return to PCBUG11 by hitting ESC. To re-establish communication between PCBUG11 and the ‘HC11, reset your board in BOOT mode, and enter:
baud 9600
restart

Programming 68HC711E9

One of the more popular versions of the 68HC11 microcontrollers for single-chip applications is the MC68HC711E9, containing 512 bytes of EEPROM, and 12K bytes of EPROM. In a windowed package (FS suffix), it is eraseable with UV light, just like a normal EPROM. It is also available in a one-time programmable package (FN suffix). Both versions can be programmed with any model of ADAPT-11 using Motorola’s PCBUG11. All that is required is to supply ADAPT-11 with the proper programming voltage via External Power connector J1. This voltage must be closely regulated between 11.5VDC and 12.5VDC. Before applying the programming voltage to the connector, make sure that the VPP/NORMAL slide switch is in the NORMAL position. Then connect the programming voltage. The on-board 5V regulator will provide the ADAPT-11 circuitry with the power required to operate. (There is no need for your breadboard to supply power. In fact, ADAPT-11 does not even need to be plugged into a breadboard when it is being used as a programmer. Just be careful to place it on a non-conductive, anti-static surface.) With the serial cable hooked between ADAPT-11 and your PC, and the VPP/NRML switch still set to NRML, run PCBUG11 as outlined, above. Then tell PCBUG11 the address range of EPROM as follows:
eprom d000 ffff
Next verify that the EPROM is blank:
verf erase d000 ffff
Now switch the VPP/NRML switch to VPP. This applies the programming voltage to the ‘711 in the socket of the ADAPT-11. Use the LOADS command to specify the path and filename of the S19 file you wish to program into the ‘711. For example, to "burn" myprog.s19 into the EPROM, enter:
loads myprog
PCBUG11 will now invoke the necessary EPROM programming algorithm to "burn" the file into the target locations. As soon as it is finished, set VPP/NRML back to NRML to shut off the programming voltage. If you wish, use the Verify command to verify that the EPROM programmed correctly:
verf myprog
To run your code, switch ADAPT-11 to RUN mode and press RESET. Note that your s-record file may just as well have target addresses in EEPROM and RAM; these would be programmed properly by PCBUG11, as long as you have specified the EEPROM range and cleared the Block Protect Register.

Exploring Further with PCBUG11

For information about PCBUG11 commands and their syntax, enter:
help
at the PCBUG11 prompt.
For complete details on PCBUG11, refer to the PCBUG11 Manual, available from the Motorola Literature Center or right here.